Land of Opportunity

The Roanoke Times

In increasing numbers, Hispanic immigrants are putting down roots in the Roanoke Valley. They're pouring concrete, opening hair salons and filling classrooms. Some employers, meanwhile, are attributing their success to this new labor pool. In this occasional series, The Roanoke Times explores the local impact of the national debate about immigration.
Recent Roanoke Times stories on Hispanic immigration have included:
gallery-immigrantsDuring a busy Friday night dinner waiter Jesus Malaga serves an armload of food to their Anglo customers. Malaga came to America four years ago from Mexico and, like many Mexican immigrants in Roanoke, first landed a job at El Rodeo.

December 31, 2006

As Congress wrestles with what to do about the estimated 12 million illegal Hispanic immigrants, friends and relatives keep showing up on the Roanoke doorsteps of those already settled here. The Roanoke Times documents the people behind the debate in this series of occasional articles titled “Land of Opportunity.”

Though some subjects were reluctant to have their names used and photographs taken out of fear of being deported, many believed that telling their stories would put a human face on a growing population that is still largely invisible — but which openly co-exists — in our community. In most cases, the newspaper has not pinpointed where the immigrants live or where they are employed.

Beth Macy

Beth Macy has been a features writer at The Roanoke Times since 1989. Macy gravitates toward stories that feature real-life struggles of ordinary people, with profile articles that have garnered national feature-writing awards and Virginia Press Association honors. She has published freelance articles in salon.com, The Christian Science Monitor and The Chronicle of Higher Education, and taught literary journalism at Hollins University.

Josh Meltzer

Josh Meltzer has been a photographer at The Roanoke Times since 1999. Earlier this year, Meltzer was named Photographer of the Year (Under 115,000 Circulation) by the National Press Photographers Association. Meltzer previously was a staff photographer at the Duluth (Minn.) News-Tribune for four years. In addition to his still photography, Meltzer has photographed, recorded, edited and produced more than two dozen video, audio and multimedia online presentations that have received awards from the Virgininia News Photographers Association and the Society for News Design.

In 2005, Macy and Meltzer teamed up to produce "An Unlikely Refuge," a multimedia series documenting the resettlement of Somali Bantu refugees in Roanoke. Their work won several national awards, including the 2006 Digital Edge Award for multimedia storytelling and the Associated Press Managing Editors award for online convergence.

Evelio Contreras

Evelio Contreras has been a reporter at The Roanoke Times since June 2005. He began as an editorial assistant in Metro and is now the community sports writer for the New River Valley Current, Neighbors and Sports. Contreras hopes to write narrative stories with a photographer's eye for detail. Before moving to Roanoke, Contreras was a desk assistant at The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer on PBS and worked as a sports editor of The News Gram in Eagle Pass, Texas. He graduated in June 2004 with journalism and philosophy degrees at Northwestern University.

Reporters: Beth Macy, Evelio Contreras

Photographer/multimedia: Josh Meltzer

Online designer: Amanda Hicks

Online producer: Jordan Fifer

Editor: Carole Tarrant

Multimedia editor: Seth Gitner

Print designer: Terri Macklin

Photo editor: Michael Stowe

Graphics: Grant Jedlinsky, Rob Lunsford

Copy editor: Alison Weaver

December 24, 2006

Baby goes to the rodeo

Mexican workers Edgar
Audio gallery Open Mexican workers Edgar "Baby" Cardenas, Geraldo Rubalcaba and Aurelio Aguirre (left to right) pick tobacco on Sharon Angell's (far right, with wide hat) tobacco farm in Franklin County in September. Each year, eight or more workers from the western Mexico state of Nayarit come to Sharon and Johnny Angell's farm to work for eight months.
During the crew’s first week home, Adrian and Chava tend to family matters first: getting to know their babies, reconnecting with wives, visiting their mother’s grave.

Adrian inspects the brick wall he hired masons to erect around his back yard in the summer. With his daughter ever-present by his side, he walks to the primary school to see his close friend, the school principal, who is simultaneously preparing for the Revolution Day parade and fiesta — and personally painting the school.

Kids swarm Maria Elena to see her new talking doll, asking to touch it and hear it talk.

“I’m hungry!” it says.

Maria Elena translates: “Tengo hambre!”

While Adrian settles slowly into Sauta, his nephew Baby goes immediately to work. On his first morning home, Baby helps his mom deliver drinking water to residents, a daily chore of the water-purification business she started eight years ago in a shed behind their house.

She began the venture with a small government grant and money from her brother Morgan, who installs tile in Mississippi. Morgan made the journey home last year for Christmas, but like many illegal migrants, he returns less frequently than the legal guest workers — generally, once every two or three years.

Sneaking back into the United States is risky, and hiring a smuggler to guide him on the journey costs as much as $2,000, although many illegal Nortenos still make the annual holiday trek home to Sauta, residents say, even with increased border surveillance.

Edgar Baby Cardenas wipes his brow while working in a drying barn with fellow Mexican guest worker Geraldo Rubalcaba on a Franklin County tobacco farm where they and six other Mexicans work for eight months a year.  The men work mostly 10-12 hours a day, six or seven days a week.
Photo gallery Open Edgar Baby Cardenas wipes his brow while working in a drying barn with fellow Mexican guest worker Geraldo Rubalcaba on a Franklin County tobacco farm where they and six other Mexicans work for eight months a year. The men work mostly 10-12 hours a day, six or seven days a week.
While Morgan’s money helped launch the business, it’s Baby’s dollars that have enabled it to flourish. In October alone, he wired more than $1,500 to his mother. He also bought water pumps at Lowe’s in Rocky Mount to bring home with him on the bus, along with clothes and jewelry for his sisters.

It’s Baby’s money that allowed his sister Karen, 17, to become the first person in the family to finish high school, and it’s Baby’s money that pays to keep his 6- and 16-year-old sisters supplied with school uniforms and books.

Since Sauta has no high school, parents have to pay taxi transportation — about $100 a month — to the nearest high school 10 miles away. Only 20 percent of the kids in Sauta can afford to go.

On his second day home, Baby gives his mom money to buy food for a Revolution Day luncheon to honor the town’s elementary school teachers. Then, he drives to the larger nearby town of Santiago Ixcuintla to buy a new sombrero to go with the Western shirt, cowboy boots and jewelry he bought in Virginia, all to look good at the Saturday night rodeo/disco in Santiago.

Which he does, judging from the throngs of women who want to dance with him there.
With his wad of pesos, Baby also draws the admiration of the young men, who greet the long-lost Norteño with high-fives, laugh loudly at his jokes and drink the Negro Modelo beer he doles out like it’s bottled water.

Edgar Baby Cardenas (center) howls to a popular Mexican song while attending a rodeo in Santiago Ixcuintla, a nearby city.  Cardenas spent the night partying with friends after returning to Mexico.  Here he hangs out with his friends Adolfo Meza (left) and Cornelio Cruz.
Edgar Baby Cardenas (center) howls to a popular Mexican song while attending a rodeo in Santiago Ixcuintla, a nearby city. Cardenas spent the night partying with friends after returning to Mexico. Here he hangs out with his friends Adolfo Meza (left) and Cornelio Cruz.
Baby and his buddies preen for the women in the crowd, goofing off and chucking their empty beer cans into the bullring below. They even climb down into the ring, daring each other to stay when the bull comes bucking in. When the bull gets too close, the guys scramble up the fence and out of reach — all the while managing, somehow, not to spill their beers.

The dancing starts when the rodeo ends, and all Baby has to do is point to a woman he talked to earlier in the stands, and she’s his dance partner for the night. With a live band funneling Mexican pop through giant speakers, Baby and the beautiful brunette dance chest to chest, legs intertwined.

He caresses her back with one hand and his umpteenth beer with the other, and he doesn’t think at all about 10-hour days picking tobacco or hanging it to cure.

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