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Weather Journal

with Kevin Myatt

Hailstorm photo

The photo linked here, from Jim Bullington of Blue Ridge, shows the intensity of Thursday's hailstorm, with hail collecting on the ground like a snowfall. (It doesn't show up well in the small format, so be sure and click on the blue type above for the photo)

Hail of a storm

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A severe thunderstorm passed over the Roanoke Valley about 4 p.m., one of many that have occurred in the area today as a strong cold front pressed into warm, humid air. I watched this storm pass over the city and shot some photos, three of which are posted here. (Click here for bigger versions of the top photo , the middle photo, and the bottom photo).

There have been a number of reports of 3/4 to 1-inch hail in the Roanoke Valley with the passage of this storm. I'm also hearing reports of hail accumulated so deep in some parts of Botetourt County that it looks a light snowfall. Also some reports of trees blown down in the storm.

(Click here for a list of storm reports throughout Virginia.) Please email me with any reports or photos.

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I did observe considerable rotation in parts of this storm, though it appeared to be high-based and not a tornadic threat. Radar was showing a "mesocyclone," or broad low-level rotation with the storm as it passed over, which enhances hail and wind potential.

Below-freezing temperatures aloft helped hail to form in apparently prolific amounts with today's storms. Afternoon heating caused updrafts to carry moisture up beyond the freezing line, where it froze, and sometimes got carried up repeatedly, adding extra layers of ice until the hail was big enough that it fell to Earth.

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Strong downdrafts caused some gusty winds with the storms. Rotation, as was indicated by radar, would have kept updrafts and downdrafts separate, allowing the storm to grow and strengthen for a longer period of time than the short-lived "pulse" storms we see most of the time here in the mountains.

The severe thunderstorm watch issued for the area earlier this afternoon has expired, as the strong cold front that triggered these storms has pushed the activity farther east. You probably already feel the difference in temperatures outside, as things have cooled off considerably from earlier.

Severe weather will be replaced by much cooler fall-like weather for the weekend.

Severe thunderstorm watch in effect

UPDATE 6:20 P.M.: The severe thunderstorm watch has been lifted for our area, as the strong storms have pushed east out of the area.

A severe thunderstorm watch is in effect until 8 p.m. for the Roanoke and New River valleys and points south. A line of thunderstorms is moving into the area from the west, and some of these storms could put out damaging winds and hail larger than 3/4 inches in diameter. This is some more of that cool, dry air from Canada colliding with warm, sticky air from the Gulf of Mexico.

Follow the latest warnings and radar on the National Weather Service-Blackburg's Web site.

Wide right, part 4

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Tropical Depression 9 has formed in the open Atlantic, and will likely become Tropical Storm Isaac in the next 24-48 hours. Its path looks amazingly familiar, curving out to sea away from the United States. Same as Florence, Gordon and Helene before it. The Atlantic weather pattern is simply not conducive for a lot of strong hurricanes, and it's certainly not conducive for them affecting the U.S. I'm really beginning to think we will get through this season without a hurricane hitting the U.S.

You can follow the latest on T.D. 9, if you really want to, on the National Hurricane Center Web site.

September storm chase

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Ominous shelf cloud races out from a severe thunderstorm in Granville County, N.C.

This time of year, I'm ready for cool-weather stuff ... falling leaves, frost, snow flurries ... rather than springlike storms. But the advance of autumn's cooler air into summer's leftover heat and humidity sometimes does manage to trigger some strong thunderstorms.

All last week, I kept an eye on the strong cold front advancing across the nation as it triggered severe weather in the central U.S. My particular interest was whether this front would be able to trigger strong storms in our region on Sunday, and whether I would have a rare opportunity for a fall storm chase. The conditions lined up less perfectly than they appeared they would a day or two earlier, but after an early church service Sunday, I decided to head toward south-central Virginia to see if I could catch a severe thunderstorm.

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Towering cumulus clouds billow near South Hill, Va.

These photos show that I did catch something of interest. I almost gave up, though ... I watched these cumulus clouds try to build into something east of South Hill, and I realized that even if they did become significant storms, they were too far east and moving too fast away from me. I didn't want to go any farther east than Emporia, Va., on U.S. 58 on this day. Just too far to go for this marginal setup for severe weather.

Continue reading "September storm chase" »

Storms go east

A few severe thunderstorms did fire today, but far to the east of our region in north-central/northeast North Carolina toward the Hampton Roads area of Virginia.

I was out chasing and photographing some of those storms today. I'll share some photos soon.

Severe weather marches our way

It was a rough night in middle Missisippi River Valley and lower Ohio River Valley last night, with 37 reports of tornadoes and more than 100 reports of hail larger than quarters. (Click here for a map of Friday's severe weather reports). Storms moved over many of the same places repeatedly in Missouri, Illinois and Arkansas, resulting in deadly flooding. Here's a link to an Associated Press story recapping the storms.

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A line of strong storms is moving toward our area tonight, but will probably arrive in the coolest part of the 24-hour cycle overnight and carry less severe risk than they have to our west. The big question will be weather storms can redevelop Sunday as the cold front arrives. Any amount of sunshine could provide surface warming that would increase the instability aloft as the warm, moist air at the surface rises into cooler air aloft. With relatively strong winds at the surface and aloft, some of the storms could begin to rotate, increasing the threat of hail, high winds and even isolated tornadoes. That's why the Storm Prediction Center has put Virginia in a slight risk zone of severe weather for Sunday.

Honestly, it looks like more of a threat in eastern Virginia, and even at that, nothing like the Midwest has experienced. But don't be surprised to hear some rumbles of thunder or the wind rattle the trees pretty hard.

May in September

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It may have felt a bit like an early November here the last couple of days, but it has been very much like May in the nation's mid-section. An unusual weather pattern for September is causing severe thunderstorms to erupt for a third straight day, this time over the lower to middle Mississippi River. This graphic, from the Storm Prediction Center, shows five tornado watches currently in effect (note the red outlined areas). This is being caused by a strong low pressure in the northern Plains, pulling abundant Gulf moisture northward from the Gulf of Mexico while also circulating cold air south from Canada. The collision of air masses and the strong winds aloft are created a fertile breeding ground for severe weather.

By Sunday, there will be some threat of severe thunderstorms as far as east as our area, though it doesn't look to be nearly as intense as what is currently being seen in the Plains. The seasons are colliding ... there is always a price someone must pay for changing weather.

A cold summer morning

Following the astronomical calendar, it's still summer until a few minutes after midnight Saturday morning ... but some folks in western Virginia saw a bit of summer frost this morning.

The low in Roanoke was 42 degrees. It's not a record for the date, but it is the coldest it has been this early in the season since it dropped to 40 on Sept. 17, 2000.

Blacksburg dropped to at least 37, and I've had one report of 34 there. Let me know if any of you (a) saw frost or (b) had a thermometer that touched the freezing mark, 32 degrees, this morning.

A frosty night?

The word "frost" is in some forecasts for the first time tonight (click here for a special weather statement on the threat of frost)... mostly in the deeper mountain valleys to the west of the Roanoke, in the New River Valley and points north and west of there. Lows in those areas could dip as low as the mid 30s, which would allow some frost to form in grassy areas.

As for record cold, tonight will not be that. The record low for the date in Roanke is 36, set in 1956; in Blacksburg, it's 30, set in 1962. Neither of those marks is likely to be challenged.

How low will it go?

The season's first strong Canadian cold front is set to arrive on Tuesday. It'll push through some showers and maybe a rumble of thunder or two ... don't expect much of that, arriving at the coolest part of the day ... late tonight and Tuesday morning.

By Wednesday, cool -- shall we say cold -- Canadian high pressure settles in, promising to send temperatures to their lowest readings since May by Wednesday night. Current National Weather Service forecasts are calling for the upper 30s in the mountainous areas, ranging upward to the mid 40s here in the Roanoke Valley and points east and south. This chill won't last long though, as temperatures warm up sharply for the weekend before yet another cold front by Sunday

Hurricane headed our way?

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Yes, indeed, a hurricane may affect us after all. But don't look to the Atlantic, where Gordon is spinning away from the U.S. and Helene is likely to take the same path. Instead, look at the Pacific, where Hurricane Lane has made landfall along the west coast of Mexico with 120 mph winds. Now inland, Lane will begin weakening rapidly ... this satellite photo already shows little evidence of a discernible eye. But the moisture of what used to be Lane will likely be pulled northeastward ahead of the cold front advancing toward the east through the United States, and northward toward the strong low that will move along the U.S.-Canada border. Some of Lane's moisture could be squeezed out into some rain and possibly thunderstorms in our region as the front passes through about Tuesday. With the moisture so widely dispersed by that time and the front moving so rapidly, don't expect the kind of all-day gullywashers we get from Atlantic tropical systems. But any showers we see with the front next week might have at least an indirect link to a Mexican hurricane.

More severe weather

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Though there has been some snow in the nothern Rockies, the biggest effect of the intrusion of Canadian air into the U.S. has been the eruption of severe thunderstorms in the Plains. Severe weather is again breaking out, with severe weather watches from Texas to Minnesota. This inset map from the Storm Prediction Center shows a bullseye for likely severe weather tonight ... the 15 percent means that is the likelihood of a tornado passing within 25 miles of any given point in that area. The hatched lines in that same area mean there is at least a 10 percent chance of violent tornadoes -- F2 to F5 on the Fujita scale -- passing within any given point. Numerous thunderstorms are breaking out in that region tonight, and a couple of tornadoes have already been reported. (Click here for today's severe weather reports)

This front will make it here by about Tuesday, but we'll have less instability and less wind shear aloft and won't see this kind of severe weather outbreak. A few rumbles of thunder, maybe. After it goes by, we'll see some autumn-like weather settle in for a few days as astronomical summer fades into history by Friday.

Severe weather returns to the Plains

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The advance of cool air from Canada and the development of a vigorous storm system in the northern Rockies means more than just an early season snowstorm for Idaho and Montana ... it has also triggered severe weather in the Plains. In this closeup of a screen grab from National Weather Service radar in Dodge City, Kansas, you can see a thunderstorm cell with a long arm hanging south of it that curves a bit at the end back toward the storm. This is a "hook echo" that was shown to have signficant rotation on weather service Doppler radar, and a tornado warning was issued for two southern Kansas counties east of Dodge City around 12:30 a.m. There have been numerous reports of severe weather overnight ... large hail, damaging winds, some tornadoes ... from Texas north to the Dakotas. It's all caused by cool, dry air advancing southward, lifting warm, moist air, and then spun by high-level winds aloft wrapping up around the developing low pressure area.

So while winter is returning to the northern Rockies and Dakotas, and fall will return for us next week, spring has returned at the end of a long, hot, dry summer in the Plains.

Winter arrives for some; fall coming for us

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The Hydrometerological Prediction Center begins issuing its snow and ice probability forecasts on Sept. 15 each fall. So it started today ... and winter is running out of the gate.

A tightening low pressure system in the northern Rockies and a batch of cold air from Canada will trigger the first major winter storm of the season for parts of Idaho, Montana and the Dakotas this weekend. The inset HPC map shows the areas of highest probabilities of snow by Saturday evening, with the red areas showing a 70 percent chance of at least 4 inches (some areas especially in the higher elevations will likely get a foot or more). The snow will move eastward into eastern Montana and the Dakotas for Sunday.

This weather system will affect us by the middle of next week ... not with snow, but with our first real fall chill of the season. This is that "first autumn cold front" that I like to talk about looking forward to when it's humid and in the 90s during mid-summer. It'll drop us into the 40s at night, and maybe even 30s in the deeper valleys, by Wednesday or Thursday. It'll arrive just in time for the official start of autumn on Friday.

Finally, a major hurricane

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Now this is the way a hurricane is supposed to look! Hurricane Gordon is the first major hurricane of the Atlantic season, now a Category 3 storm with winds of 120 mph. Someone who doesn't know the first thing about tropical weather can look at this satellite picture and see the perfectly formed eye and spiral bands. The best part about Gordon is that it is absolutely no threat to the United States, actually moving northward even farther east than Florence did, ultimately headed toward a slow death in the chilly waters of the North Atlantic.

Tropical Depression 8 has matured into Tropical Storm Helene, but, barring major changes, it looks to follow on the heels of Florence and Gordon and drift northwest then north into the open waters of the Atlantic.

More on each of these on the National Hurricane Center's Web site.

It's El Nino!

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As of today, government climatologists have officially declared that an El Nino has developed in the Pacific. El Nino, the warming of equatorial Pacific waters, often has a tendency to increase precipitation in the southern half of the United States during the cooler months. Effects on temperature and winter snowfall vary depending on its strength and the interplay with other climatic oscillations.

As National Weather Service meteorologist Stephen Keighton noted at Tuesday night's Town Hall Meeting in Roanoke, the correlation of El Nino to events in our area is rather weak, but a stronger El Nino can drive the southern jet stream a bit farther north bringing precipitation-bearing storm systems through the winter.

El Nino is likely to mean that the 2006 Atlantic hurricane season will continue to underperform, as the warmer waters in the Pacific focus storminess in that ocean and drive powerful upper level winds that rip apart the tops of developing tropical systems in the Atlantic.

A chill

Roanoke's high temperature of 64 on Tuesday tied the coolest high temperature recorded on Sept. 12 since official records began being kept in 1948. This is called a "low maximum" record. The high also only made it to 64 on Sept. 12, 1985.

Persistent low clouds and fog, plus chilly northeast winds banking against the mountains, were the reason for the relative chill. It continued today, but the previous low maximum record of 61 in 1964 was surpassed with a high (as of 5 p.m.) of 63.

With normal highs near 80 this time of year, these highs are much below normal. Nighttime lows in the upper 50s to near 60 are very close to normal.

Another in the tropical parade

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Florence and Gordon are no threat, but we'll have to keep an eye on Tropical Depression 8 which has formed in the far eastern Atlantic just off the African coast and is expected to intensify into a hurricane. This time of year is often known as the Cape Verde hurricane season, as many systems develop in the far eastern Atlantic near the Cape Verde Islands rather than farther west in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, so a sudden burst of develop in the open Atlantic is not surprising in early to mid September even in a relatively slow season.

Tropical Depression 8's early track is to the west-northwest. We'll just have to keep a close eye on whether it too will be turned northward by the persistent troughing over the eastern U.S. We have many days to watch this one.

Chilly soaker on the way

Wednesday looks like a chilly, wet day for Southwest Virginia, and much of the eastern U.S. Expect pretty much an all-day rain with temperatures hanging in the 50s to low 60s most of the day. We frequently get some days like that as summer turns to fall. Lots of Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic moisture will be overrunning a shallow cool, dry layer of air at the surface. It's a setup we'll see more and more of as fall moves toward winter, and one that we'll have to watch for ice and snow in about 3 more months.

Click here for projected 5-day rainfall totals from the Hydrometeorological Prediction Center.

1-2 punchless for U.S.

With a Category 1 Hurricane Florence moving north toward colder waters after making a running swat at Bermuda today, Tropical Gordon has formed on its heels to the south. Gordon looks to follow a similar path to Florence, missing the U.S. far to the east, as we see how long the hurricane no-hitter can continue for our nation in 2006.

For more on both storms, see the National Hurricane Center Web site.

Early week cooldown

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The blue, pointed line curving weirdly around to the west and south of Virginia in this Hydrometeorological Prediction Center weather map for Monday is a cold front ... specifically, a "backdoor" cold front, that will slip southwestward through the area late Sunday. The result will be that a touch of Canadian air will be able to poke in from the northeast, banking against our mountains. Highs will drop into the lower to mid 70s while overnight lows in the 50s will be common.

This likely won't be the long-term arrival of autumn-like weather, though. The Climate Prediction Center is currently forecasting above-normal temperatures over the central and eastern U.S. in both the 6-to-10-day and 8-to-14-day periods as upper-level high pressure is expected to build overhead. Forecasts that far out are always subject to change, though.

Florence looking healthier

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Tropical Storm Florence is certainly looking the part of a major tropical system tonight... the satellite photo shows a nice rounded structure and good outflow bands, those rib-like clouds on the fringes of the storm that show high pressure high in the atmosphere evacuating air clockwise out of the counterclockwise-turning storm. Its winds are up to 65 mph, and quite likely, it will gain at least another 10 mph and develop a more distinct eye on Sunday to become a hurricane. Florence will make a close approach to Bermuda before being swept northward into the cold waters of the North Atlantic.

To follow Florence, click on the National Hurricane Center Web site.

Where hurricanes go to die

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This swirl of clouds, wind and rain over Alaska was once a mighty hurricane. Typhoon Ioke (hurricanes are called typhoons west of the International Date Line) once was at Category 5 strength with winds exceeding 155 mph. But eventually Ioke moved northward out of warm Pacific waters into the cold waters of the north Pacific. It lost its fueling source but kept enough of its atmospheric spin to become a large-scale "extratropical" low over Alaska.

A similar fate is likely to befall what is now Tropical Storm Florence over the Atlantic. Florence, floudering as it is now like every other Atlantic system so far this tropical season, with a somewhat disorganized look and winds of only 50 mph, is likely to intensify into a hurricane during the next 2 or 3 days as it encounters a region of warm waters and light winds aloft. It may strike, or at least brush, Bermuda.

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But in time, it will be jerked northward by a "trough" or southward dip in the jet stream over the eastern U.S. Eventually, Florence will move into the cold waters of the North Atlantic. (Click here for Florence's current forecast track from the National Hurricane Center)

It will lose its tropical characteristics but likely maintain a large-scale spin as a strong extratropical low pressure system. Florence will bring cold rain squalls and perhaps even some snow to places far to the north ... Newfoundland, perhaps Greenland, Iceland and Scandinavia. It could be a terrible storm to ride a ship through in the North Atlantic. But, barring extreme and unforeseen atmospheric shifts, it will not be a factor for the United States.

Drought relieved, again

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Tropical Storm Ernesto and a slow-moving cold front over the Labor Day Weekend have all but eliminated drought in Virginia. Now, only a tiny area of Southside Virginia along the North Carolina line and a tiny sliver of far southwest Virginia on the Kentucky line are considered to be "abnormally dry," the lightest phase of drought rated by the National Drought Mitigation Center in Lincoln, Neb. It wasn't too long ago that most of Virginia was in the yellow "abnormally dry" shading.

This is a lot like what happened after the week of heavy rain in late June. Will more regular rain occur in the upcoming weeks to keep drought from returning, or will it go dry again as we head into fall? Half of Roanoke's 8 months with 10 or more inches of rain have occurred in the fall ... but four of our fivest driest months have also occurred in autumn. It's been a drought-or-deluge season, historically. We'll see how it develops, but my early bet would be a bit more to the drought side than deluge.

Town hall meeting reminder

The National Weather Service in Blacksburg will be conducting a town hall meeting from 7 to 9 p.m. on Tuesday in the Performing Arts Theater at the Roanoke Civic Center. If you are interested in attending, please register by Friday ... either email Phil Hysell at the National Weather Service at phil.hysell@noaa.gov or call him at (540) 552-0084.

Weather service meteorologists will be there to present information on the weather service's mission, to show slides and film of weather phenomena, and to answer your questions.

Rainfall relative to normal

While I was away the past week, the combination of Tropical Storm Ernesto late last week and an approaching cold front early this week has added some rainfall to the yearly totals. Roanoke is still 5 1/2 inches below normal, but Blacksburg has shot up to nearly 5 inches above normal. A once-massive deficit at Lynchburg has closed to under 2 inches below normal, but Danville is still more than 7 below its normal.

Click here for daily climate information around Virginia.

Click here for monthly climate information for cities in and around Southwest Virginia.

Tropical Storm Florence forms

Tropical Storm Florence has formed in the open Atlantic. Long term, this system is expected to strengthen and turn northwest. How much it curves will determine whether it will be a threat to the Carolinas or harmlessly (for the U.S.) turn out to sea.

Click here for the latest forecasts.

Hurricane forecast lowered

The Colorado State University hurricane forecast team led by Dr. William Gray and Dr. Philip Klotzbach has again lowered its tropical forecast for the Atlantic basin, now calling for only 13 named storms and 5 hurricanes. Click here for the full report.

Ernesto scrapes by

UPDATED 9/5 TO REFLECT TWO-DAY TOTALS

The remnants of Tropical Storm Ernesto scraped just east of most of Southwest Virginia. Roanoke had only .39 inch of rain on Friday after 1.33 on Thursday for 1.72 total; Lynchburg, just 50 miles east, topped 3 inches after getting nearly an inch on Thursday. All in all, a beneficial rain in our area.

For a look at what many other areas are getting out of Ernesto, including nearly a foot of rain parts of eastern Virginia, click here.


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  • Power just went out in the Stoneledge area right on the Roanoke/Botetourt county line.more - Brandon R.
  • We had a pretty strong storm blow through early this afternoon that dropped hail 3 ...more - Other John
  • 1:14pm 6/22 We are getting a pretty heavy t-storm. Nickel sized hail in Radford/Christiansburg area ...more - Nathan
  • I'm greatful for chasers such as yourselves who actually got good video of this tornado ...more - CraigM
  • Thankfully that storm fizzled out as it crossed into Pulaski County, but we did get ...more - Other John

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